Feds investigate Md. train derailment, explosion

By Ben Nuckols, Associated Press

Wednesday, May 29, 2013 | 8:33 a.m.

ROSEDALE, Md. — Federal investigators planned to spend the coming days piecing together what caused a chemical-carrying CSX train to collide with a garbage truck, derail and explode at a rail crossing in suburban Baltimore.

In the third serious derailment this month, a dozen or so rail cars — at least one carrying hazardous materials — went off the tracks around 2 p.m. Tuesday in Rosedale, Md., a suburb east of Baltimore. Several rail cars caught fire, sending a plume of black and gray smoke into the air that could be seen for miles, and an explosion rattled homes at least a half-mile away.

At the derailment scene Wednesday morning, the mangled truck lay on its side on the side of the railroad tracks, its contents littering the ground. The charred, derailed freight cars were about 200 yards west of the crossing where the locomotive hit the truck.

Crews were using heavy equipment to clear trees, brush and other debris that were in the path of the derailed train. The corrugated metal walls of a warehouse next to the track were bent and warped.

While local officials breathed a sigh of relief that only one person — the truck driver — was seriously injured and that the chemical fire didn't pose a greater risk to nearby residents, some areas of inquiry for investigators were beginning to take shape.

Robert Sumwalt of the National Transportation Safety Board said late Tuesday that the collision occurred at a private crossing where the only marking was a stop sign. He said it wasn't clear why the truck was crossing the tracks or whether it was authorized to be there.

The truck driver, 50-year-old John J. Alban Jr., remained in serious condition Wednesday morning at Shock Trauma in Baltimore, a hospital spokeswoman said. Two CSX workers aboard weren't hurt.

A team of 15 NTSB investigators was on the scene and would likely remain there for up to a week, Sumwalt said.

Both the NTSB and the Federal Railroad Administration are investigating Tuesday's crash of the 45-car train en route from Selkirk, N.Y., to Waycross, Ga. It contained a variety of products from lumber to printing paper.

Police also planned to investigate the circumstances that led to the track collision, but it was not clear what, if any, charges the truck driver or anyone would face, said Baltimore County spokeswoman Elise Armacost.

Gary Sease, a spokesman for CSX Transportation Inc., said four of the cars believed derailed carried terephthalic acid, a powder used in the production of plastics and polyester, among other things. He said it is not listed as a hazardous material.

It was, however, the chemical that exploded as a result of the derailment, Sumwalt said.

Sease said Wednesday that one of the cars that derailed was empty but might have contained residue of fluorosilicic acid. Fluorosilicic acid, a liquid, is a hazardous material that can produce toxic gases and vapors, according to a National Institutes of Health website. It is put in drinking water to prevent tooth decay and is used to preserve wood, harden ceramic and masonry, and treat animal hides, according to the NIH.

Sease said the car bore a hazardous material sign because of the possibility that some of the fluorosilicic acid remained inside.

Baltimore County's Public Safety Department said that county, city and CSX hazmat experts did not believe the burning chemicals would produce toxic inhalants.

A hazardous materials team responded, but Baltimore County officials did not order an evacuation.

Toxic inhalation hazards are a worry when trains carrying hazardous materials derail. They include chemicals like chlorine, which killed nine people after a derailment of a Norfolk Southern train caused a release of the toxic gas in South Carolina in 2005.

Following a November 2007 derailment involving a freight train carrying hazardous materials near Baltimore's Camden Yards, CSX agreed the following year to provide Maryland officials with real-time information on shipments of toxic inhalation hazards. No such hazards were present Tuesday.

By nightfall Tuesday, the hazmat team had left, meaning there was no more danger posed from the chemicals in the rail car, Baltimore County police Capt. Bruce Schultz said.

Dale Walston said he lives about a half-mile away and that he thought he could smell chemicals after the explosion Tuesday.

"It shook my house pretty violently and knocked things off the shelves," he said in an email to The Associated Press.

The face of one warehouse near the train tracks was blown off.

Even hours after the blast, the thick plume of black smoke could be seen for miles and had drifted and covered the eastern part of Baltimore. Later, the smoke that was left had lightened considerably, changing from black to gray.

The fire was called under control late Tuesday just before midnight and the fire department remained on scene only in a supporting role, Schultz said early Wednesday. CSX had moved unaffected cars away from the derailed cars and fire department operations had been reduced to a fire watch, he said. Building engineers were being called to the scene Wednesday to assess whether the damaged structures were safe to re-enter, he said.

An Amtrak spokeswoman said its Northeast Corridor passenger service was not affected.

CSX's Sease said in an email that one of the rail cars in Tuesday's derailment was carrying sodium chlorate, which the Department of Transportation classifies as a hazardous material. However, Hohman said the chemical was not in either of the cars that were still burning into the evening. The bleaching agent is used in making paper.

Nick Materer, an Oklahoma State University chemist, said sodium chlorate, when combined with fuel, makes a more volatile mixture. "When you mix them together and add fire, they go boom," he said in a phone interview.

Materer said the chemical is usually shipped as a white powder but it can also be in a liquid solution. Either way, he said, the fumes can irritate the lungs if inhaled.

Exactly what triggered the explosion was being investigated, and Hohman said firefighters told residents of about 70 nearby homes that they could leave if they wanted to and shelter would be provided.

Materer was less familiar with terephthalic acid but said it contains chlorine.

"It just doesn't sound good," he said.

Kevin Lindemann, 29, a salesman for industrial pipe supplier Baltimore Windustrial, near the tracks, said he and about 10 co-workers felt the ground shake, ran to a window and saw several rail cars on their sides and flames he estimated at 50 feet high.

"You could feel the heat as soon as you walked out the door," Lindemann said.

"We kind of panicked pretty quick," he said. "We didn't wait around to see what was happening. So as soon as we saw the flames I took a quick picture and got in my truck and drove away."

Everyone left the building and drove several blocks away. Then they heard the explosion, five to 10 minutes after the derailment, he said.

"Even like three blocks away, it was loud. I mean, it just about took you to your knees," Lindemann said.

Derailments have done great damage before in Baltimore, a city with countless train tracks. Twelve years ago was the derailment and chemical fire in Baltimore's Howard Street tunnel. Rail cars burned for five days underground in July 2001. Portions of downtown were closed and rail traffic across the U.S. was affected for days.

Also hit by a serious derailment this month was Bridgeport, Conn. On May 17, more than 70 people were injured when a commuter train went off the tracks. The eastbound train from New York City derailed during evening rush hour, came to a stop and was struck about 20 seconds later by a westbound train. In Rockview, Mo., on Saturday, a cargo train crash injured seven people and destroyed a highway overpass, which could take a year to repair.

Despite the high-profile railroad accidents, the overall number of such crashes has been declining industry wide and for CSX over the past decade.

Last year was the safest year on record for the railroad industry, according to the railroad administration. All train accidents are down 43 percent since 2003, and derailments have fallen 40 percent over the same period, according to data provided by the administration. Freight train derailments specifically are also down 40 percent.

Sumwalt said there were nearly 2,000 accidents at railroad crossings last year, leading to 300 fatalities.

In each of the past five years, CSX has reported more than 100 deaths in accidents and incidents involving the railroad.

CSX, based in Jacksonville, Fla., operates over 21,000 miles of track in 23 eastern states and two Canadian provinces.

Associated Press writers Kasey Jones in Baltimore, David Dishneau in Hagerstown, Josh Funk in Omaha, Neb., and Joan Lowy in Washington, D.C., contributed to this report.